Telescope with prisms.



No 8%,186. PATBNTED FEB. 12, 1907. P. F. PUTZ.

TELESCOPE WITH PRI$MS.

APPLICATION FILED 0CT.15, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No 844,186. PATENTED FEB. 12, 1907.

P. F. PUTZ.

TELESCOPE WITH PRISMS.

APPLIOATION FILED 0OT.15,190B.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

%a dw9 Wm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER FERDINAND rumor CASSEL, GERMANY.

TELESCQPE WITH PR'lsms.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 12, 1907.

Application filed October 15. 1906. Serial No- 338,996-

To aZ Z whom it may cncern.-'

Be it known that 1, PETER FERDINAND Piirz, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,-

residing at Cassel, in" the Kingdom of Prussic and Province of Hesse-Nassau, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telescopes with Prisms, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My'invention relates to improvements in which I am aware, since the path of the rays of light through the prisms is shortened. The objects of 'my improvement are,'first, to make the casing for the prisms cylindrical;

second, to provide within the cylindrical casing two modified Nachets prisms of improved construction placed side by side{ third, to connect the cylindrical casing with the objective, on the onehand, and with the eyepiece, on the other hand, by means of. screw-threads, the objective and the eyepiece being placed with their axes in the samecentral longitudinal plane of the cylindrical casing and parallel, and symmetrically to the axis of the longitudinal latter, and, fourth, ti).

provide improved means for adjusting the two prisms in a direction at right angles to the axis of the'cylindrical casing. I attain these objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a central. longitudinal section through a binocular telescope constructed in accordance with my invention, the. two

prisms in each telescope being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the same on theline A B in Fig. 1, and'Figs. 3 to e illustrate the manner in which a Nachets prism is modified in accordance with my 1n- ,vention.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

l ig. ishows a Nachets prism which may be assumed to be formed bycombining two prisms shown in Fig. 3, the cross-sections of which are rectangular isosceles triangles and the sides of vwhich contiguous to their rightangled-corncrs are square. The path of a ray of light through the Nachets prism shown in Fig. 4 is indicated by the broken line, the ray entering the prism, say, through the bottom face at right angles thereto, then being doubly deflected, first by the face a and next by the face 6, after which it leaves the prism through the rear face at right angles thereto and in a direction at right angles to that of the incident ray; Thereby the image is turned through an angle of ninety degrees, as is indicated by the two arrows in Fig. 4; Fig. 5 is a plan of this N achets prism.

The Nachets prism is according to my invention modified in the manner that a piece 18 (shown on the left in 15 ig. 6) is cut off in a plane 17, which is parallel to the face I) in Big. 4 and passes through the tangent to a circle 16, inscribed in the square shown in Fig. 5. Thereby, of course, the path of'a ray from the center of the face a to that of the The ray deflected from the new face I) will pass through the center of a circle 16, which i is inscribed in the rear face, as is illustrated in Fig. 6, where on the' right a perspective view of the modified Nachets prism is shown. These two inscribed circles 16 and 16 prove that the size of the image is not in the least reduced by the said modification of the origi nal prism. It will be evident that the new prism so formed will require less space than the Nachets prism, so that it is possible to placetwo of these new prisms 1 and 2 side by side Within a smaller circle than before. (See Fig. 2.) I

Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate a binocular telescope according to my invention. It consistsof two telescopes, and each telescope comprises a short cylindrical casing 7, a circular plate 4, a bottom 10, with anobjective 8, a cover 11, with an eyepiece 9, and two internally-screw-threaded rings 12 12. The latter fit to corresponding external screwthreads at both ends of the cylindrical casing 7 and serve as nuts for connecting the objective glass8 and its tube or barrel 8 and the eyepiece 9 with the cylindrical casing 7 by means of the bottom Wand the coverll, respectively. The constructions of both the eyepiece 9 and the objective 8 are immaterial to my invention. The circular plate 4 is provided with an eccentric circular aperture 3, the center of which coincides with that of the inscribed circle 36 in Fig. 6. The two prisms and 2 are made exactly alike and are so placed side by side that the bottom face of the prism l is turned upward, so that the two inscribed circles 16 1 6 of the 'two prisms will coincide with each other.

The objective glass 8 will require to'be placed with its axis parallel to theaxis of the .cyline drical casing 7, so that its longitudinal axispasses through the center of the round aperture 3. The eyepiece 9 is placed in the same" central longitudinal plane of the cylindrical casing? as the objective 8 and parallel to the axis of the casing 7, the axis of said eyepiece passing through the center of the inscribed circle 16 of the prism 1. Of course the distance between the axis (f the casing 7 and that of the objecLive Swill be like the distance between the former and the axis of the eyepiece. The two prisms 1 and 2 are secured-on 'thecicular plate 4 by means of a bridge 5 and two adjustingscrews 6 6.

' Thereby it is rendered possible to adjust thetwo prisms in a 'si tnple manner, since the incident ray of light will enter-the prism 2 in the same plane in which the emerging ray of light passes from the prism 1 to the eyepiece. The two telescopes are shown as combined tofornia binocular telescope. I Their cylin.---

drical casings v7 7- are provided with'liigs 14 14, which are pivotally connected by means of a bolt 15 and two nuts 19 19. Obviously the two'telescopes may be combined in any other known manner vOf course either telescope'may be combincdwith any other optical instrument in any known manner.

From the drawings it will be seen that the diameter of the cylindrical casing7 can be made moderate and that its space is better. utilized than if other known prisms were to be employed. Thereby theweight of the telescope is in proportion reduced, so thatthis instrument is rendered handy, the more v.so since the cylindrical casing 7 is made short. 7 vThe internally-screw threaded rings 12 12 for combining theparts of the telescope can be easily produced and adjusted. They also render the putting to gether cf the. parts easier than if a plurality ct screws were i to be made and used, as in other known instruments.

Therefore the manufacture of the improvedtelescope is cheapened.

For the binocular telescope it-is a decided f advantage that the two pairs of prisms 1 and 2 can be disposed in the same nrannerin both telescopes and that for equalizing similar defects of the prisms, as to'polish or the like, the two pairs ofprisms can be shifted in the same direction. Thereby the adjustment of the prisms is facilitated.

The telescope can be taken to pieces easily for inspection or cleaning, even by unskilled people;

spects without departing fromthe spirit of "my invention.

The telescope may be varied in many rce44,1ac I 1-. In a telescope, thecombinationwith, a

cglindrical casing provided with screwt reads atybothendaof acover with an eccentric eyepiece, a bottom with an eccentric bjec tive, two internally screw threaded rings for fastening said-cover andsaid bottom'onthe screw-threads cf said cylindrical f casing, said'eyepie'ce and said objective bein placed with their axes in. the-same-centra longitudinal' plan'e'cfisaid c lindrical casing and parallelly and symmetrically to its axis,

a frame in said cylindrical casing, two like Nachets prisms placed side by side on said frame and so that a'ray of light passin from the objective to one prism be tw'ice'de ected in each prism and be' all'owed. to pass from the second prism to the eyepiece, and means for adjusting said two prisms in a direction at right angles to the axis of said cylindrical casing.

In a tele'scope,-the combination with a c lindrical casingprovided with screwt eads at both .ends,'of'a cover with an eccentric eyepiece, a bottom with an eccentric objective, two internally screw'- threaded rings for fastening said cover and said'bote allowed to pass from the'second prism to the eyepiece, a bridge bearing on said two prisms, and two adjusting-screws for connecting said late with said bridge.

3. Ina te escope, the combination of two substantially similar Nachets prisms placed side by' side on aplane at right angles to the longitudinalaxis of the-telescope, their inclined faces 'arallel to the telescope-axis forminga rig t angle, the adjacent parallel faces of said prisms being in surface contact I and the non-adjacent corresponding parallel faces beingdirect'ed one toward the objective and the other toward the eye iece.

cylindrical prism casing, of an e epiece and an objective'both-placcd with t eir axis in in the same central longitudinal plane of said cylindrical risr'rrcasing and parallelly and symmetrica ly to its axis, a frame in said cylindrical prism-casing at right angles to its axis, two l ke Nachets prisms placed side by side on'said frame, their inclined faces 4. In a telescope,- the com inationwith a so that a ray of parallel to: the longitudinal axis of the casing forming aright-angled corner and, the adjtiscrew-threads at bothends, of a cover with an eccentric eyepiece, a bottom with an eccentric objective, two internally screwthreaded rings for fastening said cover and said bottom on the screw-threadsv of said. cylindrical casing, said eyepiece and said objective being placed withtheir axes in the same central longitudinal plane of said cylindrical prism-casing and parallelly and symmetrically toits axis, a frame insaid cylindrical prism-casing at rightflangl's'to its axis, two like Nachets prisms placed side by-side on said frame, their inclined faces parallel to the longitudinal axis of the casing forming a right-angled corner and-the-adjacent paral-' lel faces of said prisms being in surface con:

tact and the' non adjacent corresponding parallel faces being directed one toward the eyepiece and the other toward the ob jective, and means for adjusting said two prisms on said frame 6. In a telescope, the combination with a c lindrical prism-casing provided with screw t readsat both ends, of a'cover with an ec-.

centric eyepiece, ,a bottom with an eccentric objective, two internally screw threaded rings for fastening said cover and said bottom on the screw-threads. of said cylindrical prism-casing, said eyepiece and said objective being placed with their axis in the same central longitudinal plane of said cylindrical casing. and parallelly and symmetrically to its axis, a plate inserted between said bottom and the edge of said cylindrical prism-casing and provided with a round aperture in" theaxis of said objective, two like Nachets prisms placed side by 'side on said plate, their inclined faces'parallel to the longitudinal axis of the casing forming 'a right angled corner and the adjacent parallel faces of said prisms being in surface contact and the non-adjacent corresponding par allel faces being directed one toward the eyepiece and the other toward the objective, a bridge bearing on said two prisms, and-two adjusting-screws for connecting said plate with said bridge." v

7. In a binocular telescope, the combination with two cylindrical prism-casings parallel to each other, of means for combining said two cylindrical prism-casings, two eyer pieces and two objectives placcd'with their axes :in the same central longitudinal planes of said two cylindrical prism-casings and parallelly and symmetrically to their axes, two frames in said two cylindrical prism-casings at right angles to their axes, two pairs of like Nachets prisms on said two frames, the

prisms of'each pair being placed'side by side in the same! direction in each prism-casing,

so that their inclined faces parallel to the axis of the casingform a right-angled corner and the adjacent parallel faces of said prisms being in surface contact and the non-adjacent corresponding parallel faces being directed one toward the eyepiece and the other toward the objective, and meansfor adjustmg said two pairs of prisms on said two frames. I Y

8. 'In a binocular telescope, the combination with two cylindrical prism-casings parallel to each other and eachprovided with screw-threads at bothends, of means for combining. saidtwo cylindrical prism-casings,

two covers with two eccentric eyepieces, two

bottoms with two eccentric objectives, four internally-'screw-threaded rim 5 for fastening said two covers and said two ottoms on the screw-threads of said twocylindricalprism casings, each eyepiece and each objective being both placed with their axes in .the same central longitudinal plane of the respective prism-casing j and parallelly and symmetrically toits longitudinal axis, two frames in.

saidv two cylindrical prism-casin s at right angles to their axes, two pairs of 1i e Nachets prisms on said two frames, the prisms of each pair being placed with their axes side by side in the same direction in each rism-casing, so

that their inclined faces para] el to the axis of the casing form a right-angled corner and the adjacent parallel facesof said prisms being in surface contact and the non-adjacent corresponding parallel faces being directed one toward the eyepiece and the other toward the objective, and means for adjiisting saidtwo 7 pairs of prisms on said-two frames.

- 9. In a binocular telescope, the combination with two cylindricalprism-casings parallel to,v each other and each provided with screw-threads atboth ends, of means for combining said two cylindrical prism-casings, twocovers with two eccentric eyepieces, two bottoms with two eccentric objectives, four internally-screw-threaded rings forfastening said two covers and said twobottoms on thescrew-threads of said two cylindrical rismcasings, each eyepiece and each objective being both placed with their axes in the same.

central longitudinal plane ofthe respective prism-casing and parall'elly and symmetrically to its axis, .two plates inserted'between said two bottomsand the edges of said two cylindrical prism-casings and each rovided with a round aperture in the axis o the objective, two pairs oflike Nachets prisms on said two plates, the prisms of each pair being placed side by side in the same direc- I tion in each prism-easing, so that their incline'd faces parallel to the longitudinal axis of the casing form a right-angled corner and the adjacent par-allel faces of said prisms being in surface contact and the non-adjacent 5 In testimony whereof I have signed my corresponding parallel faces being directed name to this specification in the presence of one towardthe eyepiece and the other totwo subscribin witnesses.

ward the objective, two bridges bearing on PET lER vFERDINAND PUTZ. said two pairs of prisms, and four adjusting- Witnesses:

screws for connecting said two plates with ADALBERT LAEBER,

said two bridges.

R1011. FRANK. 

